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Anther [ Botany ]

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

  The anther is the specifically male part of a flower, it produces and contains the pollen  
     
Anthers are usually located on top of a long thin filament (or stalk) in the centre of the flower, in a position where they may efficiently transfer pollen to pollinators such as bees, bats, etc. or to pollinate its own gynoecium..
Anther and filament together are described as a stamen.

Anther is attached to the filament in one of three ways:
  • innate (also said basifixed), attached by its base at the apex of the filament.
  • adnate, (also said dorsifixed), attached for its full length to the top side of the filament.
  • versatile, attached by its back centre to the very tip of the filament.
     

 


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Holdfast roots  [ Botany  ]

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

 
     
  Some species of climbing plants develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place.  
     
Climbing plants, like the poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans),  develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place. Usually the Holdfast roots die at the end of the first season, but in some species they are perennial. In the tropics some of the large climbing plants have hold-fast roots by which they attach themselves, and long, cord-like roots that extend downward through the air and may lengthen and branch for several years until they strike the soil and become absorbent roots.

Major references and further lectures:
1) E. N. Transeau “General Botany” Discovery Publishing House, 1994
   

 

 

 

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