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(1) Base  [ Biology - Botany ]
Adjective:
Basal
Adverb: Basally

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

     
  A base is the lowest, bottom, or supporting part or layer of an organ or structure.  

In botany it is a part of a plants organ that is nearest to its point of attachment to a more central structure or the point of attachment of such an organ. Compare with apex (antonym)
(2) Base [ Chemistry ]
Adjective:
basic
     
  A base is the reactive complement to an acid.  
     
 An alkaline solution or chemical compound with a pH value of 7.1 or higher that reacts with acids to form salts.
(3) Base [ Genetics ]

 


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Holdfast roots  [ Botany  ]

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

 
     
  Some species of climbing plants develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place.  
     
Climbing plants, like the poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans),  develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place. Usually the Holdfast roots die at the end of the first season, but in some species they are perennial. In the tropics some of the large climbing plants have hold-fast roots by which they attach themselves, and long, cord-like roots that extend downward through the air and may lengthen and branch for several years until they strike the soil and become absorbent roots.

Major references and further lectures:
1) E. N. Transeau “General Botany” Discovery Publishing House, 1994
   

 

 

 

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