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Dictionary: BOTANICAL & TECHNICAL TERMINOLOGY
Glossary of terms beginning with
S

CACTUS ART
NURSERY

Cultivation and Mail Sale
of Cacti and Succulents.

 
 
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

S

Salt [ Biology - Chemistry ]

Salt tolerant [ Ecology  ]

Salt tolerant [ Ecology  ]

Sand - Sandy [ Geology - Horticulture ]

Sap [ Botany ]

Sapromyophily [ Botany ]

Saturation [ Chemistry - Pedology - Physics ]

Saxicole [ Botany - Ecology ]

Scale [ Botany ]

Scale-like insects [ Phytoparasitology ]

Scape [ Botany ]

Scar [ Botany ]

Scarification [ Horticulture ]

Scarious [ Botany ]

Schizocarpic fruit [ Botany ]

Schizochromism  [ Botany - Biology ]

Scientific classification [ Taxonomy ]

Scientific name [ Taxonomy ]

Scion [ Horticulture ]

Sclereid [ Botany ]

Sclerenchyma [ Botany ]

Season [ Ecology - Botany - Climatology ]

Secondary [ Botany - Biology ]

Secondary growth [ Botany ]

Secondary meristem [ Botany ]

Secondary phloem [ Botany ]

Secondary root [ Botany ]

Secondary sexual characteristics [ Botany ]

Secondary tissues [ Botany ]

Secondary xylem [ Botany ]

Secretion - Secrete [ Botany - Biology ]

Section [ Taxonomy ]

Seed [ Botany ]

Seed coat [ Botany ]

Seed plant [ Botany ]

Seed pod [ Botany ]

Seedless [ Botany ]

Seedling [ Botany ]

Segment [ Botany - Morphology ]

Segregate - Segregation  [ Taxonomy ]

Selection  [ Biology - Genetics - Horticulture ]

Selective advantage [ Biology - Genetics ]

Selective breeding [ Genetics ]

Selective fertilization [ Horticulture ]

Self-fertilization [ Biology - Botany ]

Self-pollination [ Botany - Genetics ]

Semi-  [ Prefix ]

Semi-dormant season [ Botany  - Ecology ]

Semi-double flowering [ Botany  - Horticulture ]

Semierect [ Botany ]

Semiprostrate [ Botany ]

Sense [ Biology ]

Senescence [ Biology ]

Sensitive [ Botany - Biology ]

Sensu lato  [ Taxonomy ]

Sensu stricto [ Taxonomy ]

Sepal [ Botany ]

Sepaloid [ Botany ]

Separation - Separable [ Botany ]

Septum [ Botany ]

Series [ Taxonomy ]

Serrate [ Botany ]

Serrulate [ Botany ]

Sessile [ Botany ]

Seta - Setae [ Botany ]

Sex sexual [ Biology ]

Sex organ [ Biology ]

Sexual dimorphism [ Biology ]

Sexual maturity [ Biology ]

Sexual reproduction [ Biology ]

Shade - Shadow [ Ecology - Horticulture ]

Shading net [Horticulture ]

Shoot [ Botany ]

Shoot system [ Botany ]

Short days plant [ Botany ]

Short lived [ Botany ]

Shrub [ Botany ]

Shrubland [ Ecology ]

Shrunken [ Botany ]

Sieve elements [ Botany ]

Sign [ Pathology - Physiology ]

Signal [ Biology ]

Silicon [ Chemistry - Physiology ]

Silique - Silicle [ Botany ]

Silt [ Agronomy - Geology ]

Simple [ Botany ]

Simple flrower [ Botany ]

Simple fruit [ Botany ]

Simple leaf [ Botany ]

Simple pistil (Simple ovary) [ Botany ]

Sine numero [ Taxonomy ]

Single-flowering [ Botany - Horticulture ]

Sinuate [ Botany ]

Sinus [ Botany ]

Sister  [ Biology ]

Sister taxa [ Cladistics -Taxonomy ]

Skin [ Botany ]  

Slope [ Landscaping - Ecology ]

Slow growing [ Botany - Horticulture ]

Slugs [ Zoology - Biology - Horticulture ]

Smell [ Botany ]

Snails [ Zoology - Biology - Horticulture ]

Snow [  Ecology - Horticulture - Meteorology ]

Soaking [ Horticulture ]

Sodium [ Agronomy - Chemistry - Physiology ]

Soft rot [ Horticulture - Phytopathology ]

Softening [  Phytopathology ]

Soil [ Pedology ]

Soil born [ Pathology ]

Soil compaction [ Agronomy - Horticulture ]

Soilless medium [ Horticulture ]

Soil level or surface [ Botany ]

Soil solution (Soil water) [ Agronomy - Horticulture ]

Soil structure [ Agronomy - Horticulture ]

Soil temperature [ Agronomy - Horticulture ]

Solid [ Physics ]

Solitary [ Habit of growth - Botany ]

Soluble [ Chemistry - Physics ]

Soluble powder [ Chemistry - Physics ]

Solum [ Agronomy - Pedology ]

Solute [ Chemistry ]

Solution [ Chemistry ]

Somaclonal mutation [ Genetics ]

Somatic [ Biology ]

Somatic mutation [ Biology - Genetics ]

Sooty mould [ Phytopathology - Phytoparasitology ]

Southern hemisphere [ Biogeography ]

Sowing [ Horticulture ]

Space [ Physics ]

Spatulate [ Botany ]

Specialized [ Biology - Ecology ]

Speciation [ Biology - Taxonomy ]

Specie nova [ Taxonomy ]

Species [ Biology ]

Species affinis  (abbreviation: sp. aff. )  [ Taxonomy ]

Species abundance [ Ecology ]

Species composition [ Ecology ]

Species diversity [ Ecology ]

Species richness [ Ecology ]

Specimen [ Biology - Taxonomy - Horticulture ]

Sperm spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa )[ Botany - Biology ]

Spermatophyte [ Botany ]

Spheric- spherical [ Biology ]

Sphingophily [ Botany ]

Spider-like [ Botany ]

Spike [ Botany ]

Spikelet [ Botany ]

Spination [ Botany ]

Spindle-shaped [ Botany ]

Spine cluster [ Botany ]

Spineless [ Botany ]

Spines [ Botany ]

Spinescent [ Botany ]

Spiniferous [ Botany ]

Spinose-dentate [ Botany ]

Spiny [ Botany ]

Sporangium [ Botany ]

Spore [ Botany ]

Sporophyte [ Botany ]

Sport [ Genetics ]

Spots [ Morphology - Phytopathology - Gardening ]

Sprawling [ Botany ]

Spread - Spreading [ Botany - Morphology ]

Spring [ Ecology - Climatology ]

Spring ephemeral [ Botany ]

Sprout [ Botany ]

Spur [ Botany ]

Squama - Squamiform [ Botany ]

Stage [ Botany - Biology ]

Stagnant [ Horticulture ]

Stalk [ Botany ]

Stamen [ Botany ]

Staminate flower [ Botany ]

Staminode [ Botany ]

Stand [ Botany - Ecology - Agronomy ]

Star tree [ Cladistics - Taxonomy ]

Starch [ Botany - Biochemistry]

State [ Physics ]

Stationary (Stationary phase) [  Biology - Physiology ]

Stele [ Botany ]

Stellate [ Botany ]

Stem [ Botany ]

Stem burst (rupture - split - fracture )[ Botany ]

Stem cutting[ Horticulture ]

Stem photosynthetic plants [ Botany ]

Stem succulent [ Botany ]

Stemless [ Botany ]

Steppe [ Biogeography - Ecology ]

Sterile [ Biology - Botany - Pathology - Ecology]

Stigma  [ Botany - Biology ]

Stigmatic chamber  [ Botany ]

Stimuli [ Biology ]

Stipe [ Botany ]

Stipula - Stipuliferous - Stipuliformis [ Botany ]

Stipular scar [ Botany ]

Stock [ Horticulture ]

Stolon [ Botany ]

Stoma (plural Stomata) [ Botany ]

Stone fruit [ Botany ]

Stone - Stony [ Botany - Pedology - Geology ]

Storage [ Botany ]

Storage compounds [ Botany ]

Storage organ [ Botany ]

Strain [ Botany - Biology - Genetics - Physiology ]

Stratification [ Agronomy - Horticulture ]

Stratum (Plural Strata) [ Ecology - Agronomy - Biology ]

Stress [ Physiology ]

Structure [ Biology ]

Style [ Botany ]

Sub- [ Prefix ]

Subadult [ Botany - Biology  ]

Subantartic [ Ecology - Climatology -Biogeography ]

Subapical [ Botany ]

Subartic [ Ecology - Climatology - Biogeography ]

Subaxillary [ Botany ]

Subclass [ Taxonomy ]

Sub-culture [ Horticulture - Micropropagation ]

Subequal [ Botany  ]

Subequatorial [ Ecology - Climatology - Biogeography ]

Suberin [ Botany - Biochemistry ]

Subfamily [ Taxonomy ]

Subgenus - Subgenera [ Taxonomy ]

Subglobose [ Botany ]

Sublimation [ Physics ]

Subobtuse [ Botany ]

Subquadrangular [ Botany ]

Subsessile [ Botany ]

Subshrub [ Botany ]

Subsoil [ Agronomy - Pedology ]

Subspecies [ Taxonomy ]

Substance [ Biology - Chemistry - Biochemistry ]

Substratum [ Horticulture - Ecology - Pedology ]

Subtend [ Botany ]

Subterminal [ Botany ]

Subterranean [ Botany ]

Subtropical [  [ Ecology - Climatology -Biogeography ]

Subulate [ Botany ]

Subvariety [ Taxonomy ]

Succulent - succulence [ Botany ]

Suckers [ Botany ]

Suffix [ used in Biological Terminology ) ]

Sugars [ Botany - Biochemistry ]

Sugar-content [ Botany ]

Sulphur [ Chemistry - Physiology ]

Summer [ Ecology - Climatology ]

Summer dormancy [ Botany - Horticulture ]

Sun exposure [ Horticulture - Ecology ]

Sunlight [ Botany - Physiology - Ecology ]

Super- [ Prefix ]

Superdomain [ Taxonomy ]

Superficial [ Botany - Pedology ]

Superimposed [ Botany ]

Superior [ Botany ]

Superior ovary [ Botany ]

Support (means of support) [ Horticulture ]

Support system [ Botany ]

Surculose [ Botany ]

Surface [ Botany ]

Surface feature [ Botany ]

Surface pattern [ Botany - Horticulture ]

Survival [ Biology -Ecology ]

Susceptible [ Botany - Horticulture ]

Suture [ Botany ]

Symbiosis [ Botany ]

Symmetry - Symmetric [ Botany - Biology - Morphology - Habit of growth ]

Sympatric [ Biology ]

Symptom [ Pathology ]

Symptomology [ Pathology ]

Synapomorphy [ Taxonomy - Biology ]

Syncarp [ Botany ]

Syncarpous [ Botany ]

Synchronized flowering [ Botany - Ecology ]

Synonym [ Taxonomy ]

Synonymus novum [ Taxonomy ]

Synthesis [ Biology - Chemistry ]

Synthetic [ Biology -Chemistry ]

Syntype [ Taxonomy ]

System [ Botany - Biology - Physiology]

Systematics [ Taxonomy ]

Systemic [ Chemistry - Horticulture - Phytopathology ]

 
 

 


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1


 
 
 
Holdfast roots  [ Botany  ]

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

 
     
  Some species of climbing plants develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place.  
     
Climbing plants, like the poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans),  develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place. Usually the Holdfast roots die at the end of the first season, but in some species they are perennial. In the tropics some of the large climbing plants have hold-fast roots by which they attach themselves, and long, cord-like roots that extend downward through the air and may lengthen and branch for several years until they strike the soil and become absorbent roots.

Major references and further lectures:
1) E. N. Transeau “General Botany” Discovery Publishing House, 1994
     

 

 

 

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