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(1) Joint   [ Botany ]
Synonyms: Article, Segment, Section.

Dictionary of botanic terminology
index of names

     
  A joint is a single section or segment of a stem composed of a series of units.  

In cacti and other succulents joints are distinct, individual parts , like the pads (cladodes) of Platyopuntia.
(2)  Joint  or Node  [ Botany ]

A joint is the point where a side-shoot or leaf grows out of a stem.

It is a single section or segment of a stem composed of a series of units.

The word "node" means the same. The portion of stem that lies between two successive nodes or joints is called internode.

 


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Holdfast roots  [ Botany  ]

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

 
     
  Some species of climbing plants develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place.  
     
Climbing plants, like the poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans),  develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place. Usually the Holdfast roots die at the end of the first season, but in some species they are perennial. In the tropics some of the large climbing plants have hold-fast roots by which they attach themselves, and long, cord-like roots that extend downward through the air and may lengthen and branch for several years until they strike the soil and become absorbent roots.

Major references and further lectures:
1) E. N. Transeau “General Botany” Discovery Publishing House, 1994
     

 

 

 

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