Bud

Bud [ Botany ]

Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

A bud is a growing point enclosed by closely overlaid rudimentary leaves. Buds are immature shoot and may contain developing leaf, stem or flowers.

Buds that develop in the tip of a stem or branch are called apical or terminal bud, while the buds that originate in the
axil of a leaf are called axillary buds.

A bud is small swelling or protuberance on a stem or branch. It correspond to a region of meristematic tissue containing a rudimentary or undeveloped shoot, leaf or flower, often enclosed in protective scales generally in a compact cone-shaped structure and normally occurs in the axil of a leaf or at the tip of the stem. Once formed, a bud may remain for some time in a dormant condition, or it may form a shoot, leaf or flower immediately.

Bulbs and bulbils are forms of leaf buds.

Buds appearing in an unusual place are called adventitious buds.

In bud = having new buds that have not yet opened
Budding = Stage in the Growth Cycle in which the leaves and/or flowers begin to sprout

Bud Parts:

Bud Primordium: Meristematic tissue that gives rise to a lateral bud or shoot.
Flower Primordium: Meristematic tissue that gives rise to a flower.
Leaf Primordium: Meristematic tissue that gives rise to a leaf.
Promeristem: Apical growing or meristematic tissue that gives rise to other bud parts.
Scale: Protective leaf on outside of bud.

Bud Structural Types (Classification based on composition and cover)

Flower bud: An unexpanded blossom or a growing tip surrounded by its immature perianth segments. Contains flower primordia; will give rise to one or more flower.
Leaf bud or gemma: Contains leaf and stem primordia; will give rise to branch with leaves.
Mixed bud: Contains flower, leaf, and stem primordia; will give rise to branch with leaves and flower(s).
Naked bud: Shoot and/or flower primordia not surrounded by scales.
Protected bud: Shoot and/or flower primordia surrounded by scales.

Bud Types (Classification based on position and arrangement)

Accessory Buds: Lateral to or above axillary buds.
- Collateral Buds: Lateral to axillary buds.
- Superposed buds: Above axillary buds.
Axillary or Lateral buds: In axils of leaves or leaf scars.
"Infra"-petiolar or "Sub"-petiolar: axillary buds surrounded by the base of the petiole.
Pseudoterminal: Bud appearing apical but is lateral near apex, developing with death or non-development of terminal bud.
Terminal bud: At apex or end of stem.

To bud [ Botany - Horticulture ]
Transitive and intransitive verb: (past and past participle budded, present participle budding, 3rd person present singular buds)


	Intransitive: [ Botany ]	*To put forth or produce buds, to produce outgrowths that will develop into* leaf, stem or flowers: For example: a plant that buds in early spring. *To start to grow, To develop as in the manner of a bud.* Synonym: To sprout; germinate; blossom.
	*Transitive* [ Horticulture ]	To graft bud onto another plant, by inserting a bud from the one into an opening in the bark of the other, in order to propagate a plant (usually one of a different cultivar, species or genera) from the bud upon the budded stock. For more details see: Budding

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Holdfast roots [ Botany ]
Dictionary of botanic terminology - index of names

Some species of climbing plants develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place.

Climbing plants, like the poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), Boston ivy (Parthenocissus tricuspidata), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans), develop holdfast roots which help to support the vines on trees, walls, and rocks. By forcing their way into minute pores and crevices, they hold the plant firmly in place. Usually the Holdfast roots die at the end of the first season, but in some species they are perennial. In the tropics some of the large climbing plants have hold-fast roots by which they attach themselves, and long, cord-like roots that extend downward through the air and may lengthen and branch for several years until they strike the soil and become absorbent roots.

Major references and further lectures:
1) E. N. Transeau “General Botany” Discovery Publishing House, 1994